Specifically, the social situation of Indonesian culture is very complex, given Indonesia's population of approximately 200 million are already on top of the 30 ethnic unity. Therefore in this section will be discussed the socio-cultural situation of Indonesia in outline. Political unity of the Republic of Indonesia consists of 6000 pieces of uninhabited islands totaling about 13,667 islands.
Type Indonesian Cultural Diversity
It is conceivable that the Indonesian is used as the national language is not necessarily already socialized in 6000 the island, considering most live in the countryside.
Only 10-15% of the Indonesian population living in urban areas. Indonesia is certainly not the only Java and Bali alone, due to the fact Java covers 8% of the urban population. Meanwhile, Indonesian can still be regarded as "language to the educated / school" in areas that do not speak Indonesian mother. What about the others? While there are foreigners in 1998 was confusion interpret Keprabon said that the resignation of Indonesian Dictionary have not been included, whereas for the resignation Keprabon mean not merely semantic understanding in Indonesian definitive.
Keprabon resignation (which is now Indonesian, as with other words such as "legawa") must be understood in the perspective of cultural history and political system of Java. Therefore, by studying the psychological aspects of Javanese culture, a foreign speakers can understand the true meaning of the word "Keprabon stepped down". Other examples, such as the word "Loh Ripah Gemah Jinawi" is often used in the Indonesian vocabulary that describes fertility Indonesia, between Java and the Sundanese speakers have different concepts. In the Java concept of "Gemah Ripah Jinawi Loh, Fertile sarwa Tinandur kang, kang sarwa Cheap Tinuku, Tata tentrem Kerta Prog", while the brothers of Sunda expressed in "Tata tentrem Kerta Prog, Gemah Ripah Jinawi Loh, Rea Rea Ketan Ketones Buncir Leuit Loba Money "which means brother of the Sundanese are more understanding. Meanwhile, in the Minangkabau of West Sumatra with a system in which there is a perfect and round, in language very concerned Raso, pareso, shy and polite, so dituturkannya Indonesian who was strongly associated with the Minangkabau cultural psychology.
Thus, Indonesia as a "nation state" which, according to Benedict Anderson is an imagination. The fact in the "nation state" there is a community in diversity (heterogeneity), difference (diversity). Thus Indonesian is a sign of understanding cultural differences in it full (hybridity). Most of Indonesia's population live in the "rural" so that the countryside is very heterogeneous cultural coloring Indonesian speech patterns. Reality shows are not all Indonesian people living in industrial areas and act as industrial society, informative society, and part of the global community. On the distribution of the islands of Indonesia are still encountered culture "hunting and gathering" that there are limited in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and some other small islands which totaled approximately 1-2 million with a lifestyle straight from nature. Similarly, cultured nomadic life is still encountered.
Almost all also in Indonesia are still many cultures patterned agrarian society, either by planting shifting, rainfed agriculture, irrigated agricultural fields, plantations and agricultural mechanical. Therefore elements agrarian culture still dominates Indonesian society, the society still met with strong primordial roots and customs of feudal. It is also conditioned the Indonesian culture and people of color in speak in Indonesian. All the more current conditions, while allowing political decentralization and autonomous rights, the primordial spirit can appear in a variety of aspects of one of them in the use of Indonesian.
That is why in understanding the socio-cultural and psychological Indonesian society which will have implications for the Indonesian-language speech act, at least in cross-cultural approach to pay attention to three things:
(a) community in the religious perspective
(b) a spiritual perspective
(c) cultural perspective.
From a religious perspective, Indonesian society in order to behave align themselves with that believed to come from God, spiritual perspective refers to the potential development of internal self-actualization of man in harmony with the law of non-material, and cultural perspective refers to the tradition of the appreciation and development of value-human values to
build a comfort life both individually and collectively.
In the context of social change are now the people of Indonesia in the bulkhead automatically accommodated pluralism responsibility in civics, economics social responsibilities, and personal responsibility.
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